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>words from the woods> Lance and Jennifer Barker

Lance and Jennifer Barker

Words from the Woods - Eighth in the Series
By Mary Vasse

When someone asks Lance Barker about the challenges forest managers like him face he is likely to say that he thinks our biggest problem in forestry is a lack of humility. It is the reason he and his wife Jennifer would rather invite people to see their forest than talk about forestry out of context.

Over the years they have invited hundreds of people to their property, including forest industry leaders, conservation groups, policy decision makers, bird and plant experts and students. They often take visitors to look at a tree that was struck by lightning. As Lance sees it, it's the best way to explain his management philosophy. He tells them, "I'm not really in control. I'm the junior partner in this operation."

Another maxim Lance stands by is that "You can't have forestry without context." To him, context means knowing about the social aspects of forestry, the specifics of the site, the soils, birds, insects and weather. "I string all of it together. I see a world of connectedness."

Even a conversation with Lance Barker demonstrates his understanding of how all things are connected. Topics circle back on themselves and confirm earlier statements in new ways. But you could say that it is the Barkers' detailed understanding of how the forest works that makes them successful under conditions that Lance describes as "marginal" for growing trees.

Morning Hill Forest Farm is located about 20 miles southwest of John Day. Ponderosa pine dominates the forest. Tree growth is only 22.25 cubic feet per acre per year. Lance reports the minimal growth rate needed to grow commercial timber is 20.

Lance came to Oregon to buy property. "What I really wanted to do was buy an experimental farm, do [forest] management first hand, and combine that with my other interest - energy independence." The land that would become Morning Hill Forest Farm was inexpensive because it was far from the available electric grid and "over-grazed to the bone."

But a remote piece of land in need of care was exactly what they were looking for. Lance started immediately with fuel management activities. Most sites had second growth pine that grew up after a 1937 timber harvest. "It had grown up in the typical ponderosa pine mass." All the slash from the original logging and thinning in the 1950s was still there. Fuel build up was a problem.

Jennifer and Lance share a passion for solar energy technology. Their home is powered 100% by solar energy. But energy is not the only way the Barkers are independent. They also raise all their own vegetables. Wood from their land cooks their meals and powers their water heaters, even the hot tub. While acknowledging the hard work required to maintain their independent lifestyle, Lance happily admits, "We live like kings."

Lance has a humble respect for those native species that are uniquely adapted to the site. As a rule he protects what's already surviving.

More than anything else, he watches. "I am in my forest almost every day." Lance and Jennifer have identified over 200 species of native plants, 23 native animals and 63 native bird species on their property alone, including the northern goshawk, black-backed woodpecker, and northern flying squirrel, all associated with old growth conditions.


Chickadee and Pygmy Nuthatch
They use the information to study the interdependencies between species from the soil organisms to plants, birds, insects and the productivity of their trees.

"Plants are an important part of monitoring here. We notice if we have invasive aliens." They keep track of fourteen species of non-natives, but most are now in decline. They find that maintaining the native plant community helps maintain soil health on their poor-soil site. "Different plants are able to assimilate different nutrients and put them in a more biologically available form for other plants."

Lance offers an example, "We are low in selenium. Lupines are a selenium accumulator and nitrogen fixer. Our most productive areas for trees are where there are lupines." Seeing the beneficial relationship at work, he has been collecting and planting lupine seeds to help increase productivity.

There are other subtle ways that Lance manages his stands by nurturing the beneficial relationships between the site's native species. As he thins out overcrowded stands he leaves many of the larger trees as snags or on the ground to create wildlife habitat and nurture the soil. Birds, small animals and soil organisms all benefit from these slowly decaying logs, but so does the forest. "It pays off in productivity," says Lance. "It is a better investment in the long term than a few dollars we could get if we sold them now."

The Barkers find that by leaving snags and creating wildlife habitat with downed logs they are investing in their forest's "immune system." "Like the white-headed woodpecker I was watching this morning," tells Lance, "those birds are insect eaters. If I had to pay them for the work they do I'd be bankrupt overnight." The recent drought years in Eastern Oregon have meant a general increase in mortality due to insects and disease. But Lance's 27 years of promoting bird habitat are paying off, he has lost relatively few trees to insects.

The Barkers' management choices often put them at an economic disadvantage. Lance explains it in this way. "You have two trees the same age. One makes a 16-foot log with an 8-inch top. The other will not. If you want to sell you must take the better, larger tree. That is the commercially viable thing to do. That's the local economic reality. But you are taking the tree that is better adapted for that site. We have decided we are not willing to make that sacrifice."

While they do sell saw logs when the market is good, they keep them for their own use when the market is down. They find other ways to pay for their thinning activities, including using the slash themselves, lowering their need for revenues.

While their approach to living lightly on the land is uncommon in today's world, many aspects of their land management are transferable to other ecosystem types and lifestyles. The Barkers know that growing the best soil, birds, animals and trees they possibly can is an investment that will pay off in the long run.

But not all the benefits are delayed. As Lance points out, "I see the time I spend working on it as part of the profit. We get heat and clean water from it, a nice place to live, all sorts of benefits that give our life meaning. Money could buy only a poor representation of this lifestyle."

Lance and Jennifer invite anyone interested in learning more about their management to visit their site: www.highdesertnet.com/morninghill . Or visit in person. But beware; they may put you to work!

Ideas for forest landowners who want to get better acquainted with species in their forest:

  • Invite your local Native Plant Society chapter to come for a field trip and make a plant list for you. Native Plant Society of Oregon: www.npsoregon.org
  • Invite your local bird club to come out and identify habitat improvement opportunities for you. Oregon Field Ornithologists: www.oregonbirds.org

Words From The Woods
Find out what other small landowners are doing and thinking

The Heffernan Family Makes Wildlife Stewardship Pay
Bentz Family Thinks Six Generations Ahead
Cooperation Yields Marketing Success in Oregon
John Breese Restores His Land -- Cutting Trees to Save a Watershed
Matt & Donna Epstein manage their fire danger and work with their neighbors
Jim LeTourneux meets the needs of birds, trees & tree farmers
Sara Leiman -- Protecting an Eagle's Nest and Contemplating a Better Way
Lance and Jennifer Barker
Norma Fitzgerald teaches children

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